La 17 Motšeanong 2023 ke letsatsi la bo19 la "Letsatsi la Khatello ea Melemo ea Lefatše".
Hypertension e tsejoa e le "'molai" oa bophelo bo botle ba motho.Ho feta halofo ea mafu a pelo, stroke le ho hloleha ha pelo li bakoa ke khatello ea mali.Ka hona, re ntse re na le tsela e telele ea ho thibela le ho phekola khatello ea mali.
01 Ho ata ha khatello ea mali lefatšeng ka bophara
Lefatšeng ka bophara, batho ba baholo ba ka bang limilione tse likete tse 1.28 ba lilemo li 30-79 ba tšoeroe ke khatello e phahameng ea mali.Ke 42% feela ea bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali e fumanoang le ho phekoloa, 'me hoo e ka bang mokuli a le mong ho ba bahlano o laola khatello ea bona ea mali.Ka 2019, palo ea batho ba shoang ka lebaka la khatello ea mali lefatšeng ka bophara e feta limilione tse 10, e leng karolo ea 19% ea batho bohle ba shoang.
02 Khatello ea mali ke Eng?
Hypertension ke lefu la methapo ea pelo le khetholloang ke khatello e sa khaotseng ea khatello ea mali methapong ea methapo.
Bakuli ba bangata ha ba na matšoao kapa matšoao a hlakileng.Palo e nyenyane ea bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali e ka 'na ea e-ba le molichaba, mokhathala kapa ho tsoa mali a nko.Bakuli ba bang ba nang le khatello ea mali ea systolic ea 200mmHg kapa ka holimo ba ka 'na ba se be le lipontšo tse hlakileng tsa kliniki, empa lipelo tsa bona, boko, liphio le methapo ea mali li senyehile ho isa bohōleng bo itseng.Ha lefu lena le ntse le tsoela pele, mafu a behang bophelo kotsing a kang ho hloleha ha pelo, lefu la pelo, lefu la pelo, ho tsoa mali ka bokong, bokong ba boko, ho se sebetse hantle ha renal, uremia le peripheral vascular occlusion.
(1) Khatello ea mali ea bohlokoa: e baka hoo e ka bang 90-95% ea bakuli ba nang le khatello e phahameng ea mali.E ka 'na ea amana le lintlha tse ngata tse kang liphatsa tsa lefutso, mokhoa oa bophelo, botenya, khatello ea kelello le lilemo.
(2) Khatello ea mali ea bobeli: e baka hoo e ka bang 5-10% ea bakuli ba nang le khatello e phahameng ea mali.Ke keketseho ea khatello ea mali e bakoang ke maloetse a mang kapa lithethefatsi, tse kang lefu la liphio, mathata a endocrine, lefu la pelo, litla-morao tsa lithethefatsi, joalo-joalo.
03 Phekolo ea lithethefatsi bakeng sa bakuli ba khatello ea mali
Melao-motheo ea phekolo ea khatello e phahameng ea mali ke: ho noa meriana nako e telele, ho laola boemo ba khatello ea mali, ho ntlafatsa matšoao, ho thibela le ho laola mathata, joalo-joalo Mehato ea phekolo e kenyelletsa ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa bophelo, taolo ea motho ka mong ea khatello ea mali, le ho laola maemo a kotsi a pelo, har'a tsona. Tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea litlhare tsa antihypertensive ke mokhoa oa bohlokoahali oa kalafo.
Hangata lingaka li khetha motsoako oa litlhare tse fapaneng tse ipapisitseng le boemo ba khatello ea mali le kotsi e akaretsang ea pelo le methapo ea mokuli, 'me li kopanya kalafo ea lithethefatsi ho fihlela taolo e sebetsang ea khatello ea mali.Lithethefatsi tsa antihypertensive tse atisang ho sebelisoa ke bakuli li kenyelletsa angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), β-blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCB) le diuretics.
04 Teko ea liphatsa tsa lefutso bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi ka bomong ho bakuli ba nang le khatello e phahameng ea mali
Hajoale, litlhare tsa antihypertensive tse sebelisoang khafetsa litsing tsa bongaka hangata li na le liphapang ka bomong, 'me phello ea pholiso ea lithethefatsi tsa khatello ea mali e amana haholo le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa polymorphisms.Pharmacogenomics e ka hlakisa kamano lipakeng tsa karabelo ea motho ho lithethefatsi le phapano ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, joalo ka phello ea pheko, boemo ba litekanyetso le litlamorao tse mpe.Lingaka tse khethollang liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amehang taolong ea khatello ea mali ho bakuli li ka thusa ho etsa hore meriana e be ea maemo.
Ka hona, ho sibolloa ha liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le lithethefatsi ho ka fana ka bopaki bo nepahetseng ba lefutso bakeng sa khetho ea bongaka ea mefuta e nepahetseng ea lithethefatsi le litekanyetso tsa lithethefatsi, le ho ntlafatsa polokeho le katleho ea tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi.
05 Batho ba sebetsang bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa meriana e ikemetseng bakeng sa khatello ea mali
(1) Bakuli ba nang le khatello ea mali
(2) Batho ba nang le nalane ea lelapa la khatello ea mali
(3) Batho ba bileng le litlamorao tse mpe tsa lithethefatsi
(4) Batho ba nang le phello e mpe ea phekolo ea lithethefatsi
(5) Batho ba hlokang ho noa lithethefatsi tse ngata ka nako e le 'ngoe
06 Tharollo
Macro & Micro-Test e hlahisitse lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa tlhahlobo ea fluorescence bakeng sa tataiso le ho lemoha meriana ea khatello ea mali, e fana ka tharollo e akaretsang le e felletseng ea ho tataisa meriana e ikhethileng ea bongaka le ho lekola kotsi ea litlamorao tse mpe tsa lithethefatsi.
Sehlahisoa se ka lemoha liphatsa tsa lefutso tse 8 tse amanang le lithethefatsi tse thibelang khatello ea mali le lihlopha tse 5 tse kholo tsa lithethefatsi (B adrenergic receptor blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists le diuretics), sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa se ka tataisang meriana e ikemetseng. le ho lekola kotsi ea litlamorao tse mpe tsa lithethefatsi.Ka ho lemoha li-enzyme le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse lebisitsoeng ho lithethefatsi, lingaka li ka tataisoa ho khetha meriana e nepahetseng ea antihypertensive le litekanyetso bakeng sa bakuli ba itseng, le ho ntlafatsa katleho le polokeho ea kalafo ea antihypertensive.
Ho bonolo ho e sebelisa: ho sebelisa theknoloji ea melting curve, liliba tse 2 tsa karabelo li ka bona libaka tse 8.
Boikutlo bo phahameng: moeli o tlase oa ho lemoha ke 10.0ng/μL.
Ho nepahala ho phahameng: Kakaretso ea mehlala ea 60 e ile ea lekoa, 'me libaka tsa SNP tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso li ne li lumellana le liphello tsa ho latellana ha moloko o latelang kapa moloko oa pele,' me tekanyo ea katleho ea ho lemoha e ne e le 100%.
Liphetho tse tšepahalang: Taolo ea boleng ba boleng ba kahare e ka beha leihlo ts'ebetso eohle ea ho lemoha.
Nako ea poso: May-17-2023